Wall for refrigerator-cars



(No Model.)

'0. B. HUTCHINS.

WALL FOR REPRIGERATOR GARS. No. 337,770. Patented Mar. 9, 1886.

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CARLETON B. HUTCHINS,

PATENT EErcEo OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

WALL FOR REFRIGERATOR-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,770, dated March 9, 1886.

Application iiled September 29, 1885. Serial No. 178,520. (No model.)

.To @ZZ whom it may concern..-

Be it known that l. GARLETON B. Huron- INs, a' citizen of the United States, residingin Detroit, in the county of Wayne and Siate of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in ,Valls for Refrigerator-Cars, of which the following is a specification.

In refrigerator-cars,and especially in those of that class wherein the ice chamber or pan is located at the top of thecar, nearly the whole loadissupported from the top, as the carcasses are suspended from above, and consequently the car is subjected to peculiar strains, which tend toloosen the joints and render the walls pervious to the air, and therefore a wall structure of great strength and rigidity is required. The frame-work, however, heretofore ordinarily employed divides the space between the double walls into small compartments, thus not only renderingit difcultto packtheinsulating material therein, but creating a large number of `joints or crevices where the insulating material bears against the dividing` frame-work, whereby the insulating character of the walls is rendered much more defective.

The object of the presentY invention is to provide a strong, simple, cheap, and durable construction of double walls for refrigeratorcars without the necessity of using any framing or studding, so that the non-heat-conducting or insulating material may be properly and conveniently packed between the inside and outside walls, and also forni a continuous insulating sheath or protection all around the car not broken or interrupted by any framework.

rlhis result I secure, and herein my invention consists, by inner and outer walls, each composed of two layers of matched boards,the boards of each layer being arranged diagonally or to 'cross those of the other layer, and the two layers being nailed or otherwise rmly secured together, so as to brace each other. Sheets of paper, felt, or other like insulating material may be interposed between the two layers of diagonal matched boards, and the outside wall is lined upon the outside with matched boards extending vertically, while the inside wall is similarly line-d upon the inside. Thislayer of vertical boards, in combination with the two layers ofdiagonal boards of each wall, adds greatly to the strength and rigidity of the structure, especially to sustain vertical pressure or strains, and also materially increases the insulating character of the walls. Sheets of felt or paper or other insulating or imperviousmaterialshould beinterposed between the vertical and diagonal layers of boards. The outer sills or timbers of the platform or bottom frame-work of the car are provided with offsets or shoulders at each side, upon which rest the ends of one of the layers of diagonal boards,while the other layer is slightly longer and tits against the side of the sills, to which itis securely spiked or otherwise secured. Vertical tie-rods extend from the sills to the top of the car, between the inner and outer walls, and cross tie-rods extend between the two side walls of the car.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which similar letters of reference indicate like parts, Figure 1 is an end View, partly in cross-section, of a refrigerator-car embodying my invention, the layers of vertical boards upon the outside and inside of the car being also in part removed to show the layers of diagonal boards; and Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal section.

As the present invention does not relate to the interior parts of the refrigerator-car, the same have been omitted from the drawings.

In said drawings, A represents the sills or platform frame-work of the car, which may be of any ordinary construction, and B and C are the outer and inner walls, which form the double walls of the car. The walls B C consist of two layers of matched boards, b c and b c', arranged diagonally or crossing each other, preferably at an angle of about sixty degrees, and securely nailed together. The two inner or adjacent layers of boards, b c, are somewhat shorter than the outer ones, b' o', thus forming an offset or shoulder on each wall B C, and the outside sills, A, are provided at each side with corresponding offsets or shoulders, a c', so that the ends of the boards b c, fitting in the offsets a a', will rest upon the sills A, while the longer boards, b c', will tit against the sides of the sills, to which they are securely nailed or spiked. By this means a very strong and rigid connection is y ably consisting of wool, wool waste, or woolen rags cut into fine shreds or pieces. As there is no studding or i'raniework between the Walls, the insulating material may be easily and thoroughly packed in, and will form a continuous protecting sheath all around the ear. Vertieally-extending matched boards b2 cl are nailed or otherwise secured upon the outside ot' the wall B and the inside ofthe Wall C, and serve to both strengthen the walls and improve the insulation. Layers ofpaper, felt, or other insulating or impervious Inaterial, b c3 and b4 c", are inserted between the diagonal boards b and b', c and c', and between the vertical boards b2 c2 and the diagonal boards b c. Stays or braces d, preferably consisting ofwood-serews fitting in suitable screwthreaded holes made in the walls B C, serve to brace and bind said walls firmly together, and render the whole structure iirm and rigid as one solid wall. Cleats a are secured to the sides of the longitudinal sills A, upon which rest the tloor-boards a3. insulating material D is then packed in, and the cross door-boards a* laid down thereon, so as to be iiush with the upper surlaee of the sills. rI`he longitudinal Hoor-boards a5 and a are 'then laid down. Sheets of paper, felt, or other like material` ai, should be interposed between the boards c5 and as. The edges ot' the floors c5 and a eX- tend out and lit against the diagonal wallboards c', so that the ends of the vertical boards c2 will rest upon said floor. In this way it will be seen that the inner and outer layers, c c", rest with their ends upon the platform or oor of the car, while the intermediate layer, c', extends down flush with the bottom edge of the sills A. This inner wall is thus adapted to withstand great vertical pressure, and to sustain the beams which support the ice-chaxnber, and from which theload of meat is suspended. The crossbeams E, which support the roof, extend through and rest upon lthe opposite inner side walls of the car.

e e e represent theseveral layers of match ed boards constituting the roof ot' the car, with the insulating material D and paper, telt, or roofing composition e3 c4 between them.

In each ot the four corners of the car a triangular upright post,H,is secured to the inside walls, C, by suitable screws or nails, to give additional strength and rigidity to the structure; Tie-rods F extend from the top of the walls B C through the bottom sills, A, of the car in the space between the walls, and cross tie-rods Gr extend horizontally between and are anchored inthe opposite side walls of the car. Vertical angle-plates N are provided at each corner of the ear upon the outside of the Walls B, but inside the vertical layer of boards b, to support and strengthen the carat its corners.

I elaim- 1. The double wall for refrigerator-cars, consisting of an inner and an outer wall, each composed of two layers ot' boards arranged diagonally to or crossing each other, and a non-heat-conducting or insulating material filling the space between said walls, substantially as specified. -2.-1`lie double lwall for refrigerator-cars, consisting of an inner and an outer wall, each composed of two layers of matched boards arranged diagonally to or crossing each other,

the outside wall having a layer of verticallyarranged matched boards upon its outside,

and the inner wall having a layer of vertically-- matched boards upon its inside, anda nouheatconducting or insulating material in the space between said walls, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a refrigerator-car, with the outside sills, A, having shoulders or offsets c a', ot' the t'rameless outer wall, B, consisting ot' diagonally-arranged boards b b', the inner layer ot' boards, b, being shorter than the layer of outer boards, b', to form a shoulder or offset corresponding to the shoulder a on the sill, an inner fraineless wall, C, consisting of diagonally-arranged boards c c, the boards c being shorter than the boards c', to form an offset or shoulder corresponding to offset or shoulder a on the sills, and an insulating material, D, between said walls, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, in a refrigerator-car, with the outside sills, A, havingshoulders or offsets a a', ofthe frameless outer wall, B, consisting of diagonally-arranged boards b b', the inner layer of boards, b, being shorter than the layer of outer boards, b, to form a shoulder or offset corresponding to the shoulder a on the sill, an inner frameless wall, C, consisting of diagonally-arranged boards c c',v the boards c being shorter than the boards vc', to

form an offset or shoulder corresponding to offset or shoulder a on the sills, and an insulating material, D, between said walls, alayer of vertically-arranged boards, b, upon the outside of the outer wall, and a layer of verti- IOO IIO

cally-arranged boards, c2,'upon the inside of the inner wall, substantially as specified.

5. The double wall for refrigerator-cars, consisting of an inner and an outer wall, each composed of two layers of matched boards arranged diagonally to or crossing eachother, the outside wall having a layer of verticallyarranged matched boards upon its outside, and the inner Wall having a layer of verticallymatched boards upon its inside, and a nonheat-conducting or insulating material in the space between said walls, said layer of diagonal boards having sheets of paper, felt, or like insulating material interposed between them, Y

substantially as specified.

6. The double wall for refrigerator -cars, consisting of an inner and an outerwall, each composed of two layers of matched boards arranged diagonally to or crossing each other, the outside wall having a layer of verticallyarranged matched boards upon its outside, and the inner wall having a layer of verticallyarranged matched boards upon its inside, and a nonheat-conducting or insulating material in the space between said walls, said layers of diagonal boards having sheets of paper, felt, or like insulating material interposed between them, and sheets of paper, felt, or like insulating material interposed between said layers of vertically and diagonally arranged boards, substantially as specied.

7. The combination, with the platform or bottom frame of the car, of double walls resting thereon, consisting of an inner and an outer frameless wall, each composed of two layers of diagonally arranged or crossing` boards, an insulating material between said walls, and tie-rods extending from the top of said wall to the bottom of said platform or bottom frame, substantially as specified.

8. The combination, with the platform or bottom frame of the car, of double walls resting thereon, consisting ofaninner and an outer frameless wall, each composed of two layers of diagonally-arranged or crossing boards, an insulating material between said walls, and tie-rods extending from the top of said wall to the bottom ot' said platform or bottom frame, and horizontal cross-rods extending between and anchored in the opposite sidewalls of the car, substantially as specified.

9. The combination, with the platform or bottom frame of the car, of double walls resting thereon, consisting ofan inner and an outer frameless wall, each composed of two layers of diagonally-arranged or crossing boards, an insulating material between said walls, and tie-rods extending from the top of said wallto the bottom of said platform or bottom frame, and horizontal cross-rods extending between and anchored in the opposite side walls of the car, and the cross-beams of the roof extending between and resting upon the opposite side walls of the car, substantially as specified.

' CARLETON B. HUTCHINS.

Witnesses:

H. M. MUNDAY, EDMUND ADoooK. 

